Last data update: May 06, 2024. (Total: 46732 publications since 2009)
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Query Trace: Mullinex N[original query] |
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Assessing the stability of Cd, Mn, Pb, Se, and total Hg in whole human blood by ICP-DRC-MS as a function of temperature and time
Tevis DS , Jarrett JM , Jones DR , Cheng PY , Franklin M , Mullinex N , Caldwell KL , Jones RL . Clin Chim Acta 2018 485 1-6 BACKGROUND: Comprehensive information on the effect of time and temperature storage on the measurement of elements in human, whole blood (WB) by inductively coupled plasma-dynamic reaction cell-mass spectrometry (ICP-DRC-MS) is lacking, particularly for Mn and Se. METHODS: Human WB was spiked at 3 concentration levels, dispensed, and then stored at 5 different temperatures: -70 degrees C, -20 degrees C, 4 degrees C, 23 degrees C, and 37 degrees C. At 3 and 5weeks, and at 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 36months, samples were analyzed for Pb, Cd, Mn, Se and total Hg, using ICP-DRC-MS. We used a multiple linear regression model including time and temperature as covariates to fit the data with the measurement value as the outcome. We used an equivalence test using ratios to determine if results from the test storage conditions, warmer temperature and longer time, were comparable to the reference storage condition of 3weeks storage time at -70 degrees C. RESULTS: Model estimates for all elements in human WB samples stored in polypropylene cryovials at -70 degrees C were equivalent to estimates from samples stored at 37 degrees C for up to 2months, 23 degrees C up to 10months, and -20 degrees C and 4 degrees C for up to 36months. Model estimates for samples stored for 3weeks at -70 degrees C were equivalent to estimates from samples stored for 2months at -20 degrees C, 4 degrees C, 23 degrees C and 37 degrees C; 10months at -20 degrees C, 4 degrees C, and 23 degrees C; and 36months at -20 degrees C and 4 degrees C. This equivalence was true for all elements and pools except for the low concentration blood pool for Cd. CONCLUSIONS: Storage temperatures of -20 degrees C and 4 degrees C are equivalent to -70 degrees C for stability of Cd, Mn, Pb, Se, and Hg in human whole blood for at least 36months when blood is stored in sealed polypropylene vials. Increasing the sample storage temperature from -70 degrees C to -20 degrees C or 4 degrees C can lead to large energy savings. The best analytical results are obtained when storage time at higher temperature conditions (e.g. 23 degrees C and 37 degrees C) is minimized because recovery of Se and Hg is reduced. Blood samples stored in polypropylene vials also lose volume over time and develop clots at higher temperature conditions (e.g., 23 degrees C and 37 degrees C), making them unacceptable for elemental testing after 10months and 2months, respectively. |
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